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Monowitz Concentration Camp

Also known as Auschwitz III , Buna

Powiat oświęcimski, Małopolskie, Poland

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In use from October 1942 – January 1945; liberated by the Red Army on 27 January 1945. For most of its existence, Monowitz was a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp; from November 1943 it and other Nazi subcamps in the area were jointly known as "Auschwitz III-subcamps" (KL Auschwitz III-Aussenlager). In November 1944 the Germans renamed it Monowitz. SS Hauptsturmführer (Captain) Heinrich Schwarz was commandant from November 1943 to January 1945.

The SS established the camp in October 1942 at the request of IG Farben executives to provide slave labor for their Buna Werke (Buna Works) industrial complex. Monowitz produced synthetic rubber and chemicals including Zyklon B.

Monowitz held approximately 12,000 inmates, mainly Jews. The life expectancy of Jewish workers at Buna Werke was three to four months; for those working in the outlying mines, only one month. Those deemed unfit for work were gassed at Auschwitz II-Birkenau (8.4 km/5.2 miles west of Monowitz).

Notable inmates included Primo Levi, Victor Perez and Elie Wiesel.
In use from October 1942 – January 1945; liberated by the Red Army on 27 January 1945. For most of its existence, Monowitz was a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp; from November 1943 it and other Nazi subcamps in the area were jointly known as "Auschwitz III-subcamps" (KL Auschwitz III-Aussenlager). In November 1944 the Germans renamed it Monowitz. SS Hauptsturmführer (Captain) Heinrich Schwarz was commandant from November 1943 to January 1945.

The SS established the camp in October 1942 at the request of IG Farben executives to provide slave labor for their Buna Werke (Buna Works) industrial complex. Monowitz produced synthetic rubber and chemicals including Zyklon B.

Monowitz held approximately 12,000 inmates, mainly Jews. The life expectancy of Jewish workers at Buna Werke was three to four months; for those working in the outlying mines, only one month. Those deemed unfit for work were gassed at Auschwitz II-Birkenau (8.4 km/5.2 miles west of Monowitz).

Notable inmates included Primo Levi, Victor Perez and Elie Wiesel.

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  • Added: 7 Jul 2019
  • Find a Grave Cemetery ID: 2687860